Time Travel on TV

Life in the institution was not only different from the outside, time was too.  Standing by the window and looking into the forest I knew that if I had been there, sitting under a tree and looking over at these buildings time would have been barely noticeable, I would have drifted as lightly through the day as the clouds across the sky, whereas inside the institution and looking out, time was much heavier, almost claylike, as though here it met obstacles and was always being forced to take detours, like a river traversing a plain before joining the sea, one might imagine, winding its way in countless labyrinthine, meandering bends.

--Karl Ove Knausgaard, My Struggle, v. 5, Archipelago Books 2016 (translated by Don Bartlett)

I have always been intrigued by time travel, though I have had little trouble doing it.  If I want to go back to the early 20^th C. I read Maugham, Dreiser and Sinclair Lewis and to the 19^th C. I like Trollope and Dickens.  For visiting the 18^th C. I read Smollet and Richardson and for the 17^th I read Milton and Cervantes.  For the 14^th C. there is Chaucer and back to the 8^th C. B.C. for Homer.  And, of course, there is art from almost every period in museums around the world, including the Metropolitan in New York. 

According to James Gleik (Time Travel, 2016) the idea of literal time travel began with H.G.. Wells and his novel The Time Machine in 1895.  Gleik does a good job covering the literature (Nabokov, Borges, Asimov, Finney) and the science of time travel (Einstein, Hawking) but neglects the romantic and emotional appeal of loving someone in another time period or going back to prevent the death of a loved one.  This has been important in popular culture and I will just mention some of the recent TV shows that have explored this subject.

Simon Barrys "Continuum" is a Canadian show that ran for several seasons on the SyFy channel.  Some political activists go back in time to prevent the rise of a totalitarian corporate state and a law enforcement officer named Keira gets sucked in with them.  She tries to stop the activists, who went from 2077 to 2012, while trying to get back to her husband and child.  "Continuum" – much like the other time travel shows – works out its own way of dealing with the time travel paradoxes, as more than one version of some of the protagonists appear and even meet each other.  Keira finally does get back to her own time where, of course, everything has changed.

In "Outlander", which has had two seasons on Starz so far, a woman falls asleep in Scotland at the end of WW II and is mysteriously transported (there is no time machine) to the 18^th C. , where she aids the Scots against the English, marries a Scot (even though she has a husband in the 20^th C), and even attempts to stop the Jacobite rebellion, in order to save Scotland.  This series was put together by Ronald D. Moore, who had worked on Star Trek and Battleship Galactica shows.  The first season has impressive location shooting, though the second series gets somewhat stuck in a studio Paris. Costume design and music are reasonably authentic.  The show is based on a series of historical novels by Diana Gabaldon and is effectively both romantic and didactic.

"Frequency" is a TV series developed by Jeremy Carver from the movie by Gregory Hoblit (2000)and has just finished its first season on CW.  In this interesting variation on time travel only HAM radio waves travel through time.  Detective Raimy Sullivan accidentally contacts her father by radio –who is back in 1996--and is able to prevent his death that year.  By preventing his death, however, she changed the timeline so that her mother was killed by a serial killer.  In order to get her mother back she has to help her father, twenty years in the past, to catch the serial killer before her mother is killed. As events change in 1996, with Raimy’s help, it affects things in 2016.  It all makes some sense, in a dizzying logical way.  Like many recent Time Travel tales, "Frequency" is influenced by Ray Bradbury’s short story "Sound of Thunder "(1952), where a butterfly killed by a time traveler during the period of the dinosaurs changes things in the present.

"Timeless"just ended its first season on NBC.  This series, created by Eric Kripke and Shawn Ryan, includes two time machines, one of which is stolen by a man who wants to track down the conspirators who killed his wife and son.  A government team follows him to the Alamo, The French and Indian War, and the Chicago of Al Capone, among other places.  One of the government operatives loses her sister because she changes things when she tries to stop the destruction of the Hindenberg.  Another of the government operatives tries to prevent the murderer of his wife from ever being born and accidentally kills the wrong relative when he goes back to the seventies. The show perhaps tries to do too much in too many different eras, though it does effectively portray Stephen King’s concept (in 11/22/63) that when you try to change time, time pushes back.  The production values are unusually high for a network show, with one of the government operatives in charge of making sure they have correct clothes for each historical period they go to.

Channel 13

In the 70’s, before there was cable TV in New York, one would often hear people say “the only TV I watch is channel 13.”   Thirteen showed Masterpiece Theatre and occasionally foreign films, as well as opera and, sometimes, ballet.  Then along came cable, with its uncensored dramas and films on AMC, IFC and Sundance that were uncut and commercial-free.  Now the only station I watch on cable is Turner Classic Movies, the other channels having succumbed to mostly schlock and commercials.  Films that once might have been on cable are now more often found on channel 13 –which has stayed true to itself –especially in the Independent Lens and American Masters series.  Recently channel 13 showed in the latter series films about Loretta Lynn, movingly directed by Vikram Jayanti, and a film about Bob Dylan, directed by Martin Scorsese.

Scorsese’s 2005 film "No Direction Home" follows Dylan up to 1966 and includes lots of early footage of his performances and interviews, as well as lengthy excerpts from an interview of Dylan by his manager Jeff Rosen, in which Dylan talks about his work in a relative straightforward way.  Some of us who lived through Dylan’s progress from political folksinger to rock ‘n roll still have strong feelings about the changes, with some feeling betrayed (there were cries of “Judas” at his concerts) and others feeling that an artist has to pursue his vision in his own way, the explicit political songs being a dead end.  Scorsese covers it all in illuminating detail, including interviews with Dave Van Ronk, Pete Seeger and Allen Ginsberg.

On Independent Lens channel 13 showed "Birth of a Movement" recently, directed by Bestor Cramer and Susan Gray and focusing on African-American journalist William Monroe Trotter and his attempt to stop D.W. Griffith’s masterpiece Birth of a Nation in 1915.  He failed at stopping the film but his efforts did lead to an increase in awareness of the role of the black man in America.  Griffith himself was aghast that anyone could consider him a bigot and made the magisterial Intolerance in 1916.  Also recently on Independent Lens was Keith Maitland’s "Tower".  This extraordinary film depicts the shootings at the University of Texas in 1966, mostly from the point of view of the victims. I have always disliked so-called re-enactments of crimes and other events and Maitland has instead used rotoscoping, animation based on actual film footage.  This produces an effect of immediacy while still maintaining a proper distance, not attempting (as re-enactments typically try to do) to be realistic, while still capturing a depiction of reality.

Philip Roth on Donald Trump

I was pleased to see that Philip Roth may have read my 10/22/16 post about the Presidential debates, in which I quoted Melville’s The Confidence-Man.  Here is what Roth said in the Jan. 30, 2017 “The New Yorker:”

Trump is just a con artist.  The relevant book about Trump’s American forebear is Herman Melville’s The Confidence Man, the darkly pessimistic, daringly inventive novel – Melville’s last – that could just as well have been called The Art of the Scam…. I found much that was alarming about being a citizen during the tenures of Richard Nixon and George W. Bush.  But whatever I may have seen as their limitations of character or intellect, neither was anything like as humanly impoverished as Trump is:  ignorant of government, of history, of science, of philosophy, of art, incapable of expressing or recognizing subtlety or nuance, destitute of all decency, and wielding a vocabulary of seventy-seven words that is better called Jerkish than English.

Donald Trump on 60 Minutes.

Mike Wallace, where are you when we need you?
Leslie Stahl mostly lobbed softball questions to Trump and his family and even then Trump mostly avoided answering, even if it meant contradictions:  he said gay marriage was "settled" so it didn't matter what he thought, while on the other hand Roe vs. Wade might be overturned.  He also claims to have a plan to defeat ISIS but won't tell us what it is, shades of Nixon's "secret" plan to end the war in Vietnam.  Speaking of Nixon, there were some dismayed by the election of Nixon who moved to Canada, just as some are doing now that Trump has been elected. This also happened with the elections of Reagan and the Bushes but even Nixon did some good things, including abolishing the draft and improving our relationship with China.  And, of course, there was Lyndon Johnson, who won by portraying Barry Goldwater as a warmonger and then led us into Vietnam.

Trump seems to be using the slogan "America First" without apparently any knowledge of the Committee of that name that tried to keep us out of WWII; the pro-German Charles Lindbergh was the spokesperson for that group, which disbanded after Pearl Harbor.  When Stahl told Trump that his supporters were starting to attack Hispanics, African-Americans and Muslims he said he was sorry to hear that and they should "stop it," though he did not apologize for his statements that had caused and encouraged this.  Meanwhile Trump is backpedaling on his campaign promises to build a wall on the Mexican border, deport illegal immigrants and abolish Obamacare.  What surprises me most about those who voted for Trump is that many believed his demagogic promises even though Trump is well known for his dissembling. 

Presidential Debate Oct 19,2016

The Punkwat twins!  Brentwood is the world’s smallest giant, while his brother, Elwood, is the largest midget in the world.  They baffle science.                                                                              
--W.C. Fields as circus-master Larson E. Whipsnade, introducing two men of average size, in You Can’t  Cheat an Honest Man (1939)

Fellows who, whether in stocks, politics, bread-stuffs, morals, metaphysics, religion – be it what it may – trump up their black panics in the naturally-quiet brightness, solely with a view to some sort of covert advantage.                                                                                                                                                                          -- Herman Melville, The Confidence-Man:  His Masquerade, 1857

He [Donald Trump] does not have a circle of friends but an entourage.  Where are the historians, philosophers, or poets he admires or who admire him?  Whose are the minds that expand, challenge or refresh his own?  He reads nothing…. He knows and talks about little but his own excellence.  He cannot learn from peers, since he thinks that he has none.  Why consult others when they are, compared with him, losers?                                                                   
 -- Garry Wills, New York Review of Books, Nov. 10, 2016

A man of extraordinary energy, warmth and vitality, Ronnie [Cornwell] exuded optimism.  From an early age he lived far beyond his means, confident that something would turn up to avert disaster.  He smoked large cigars, drank brandy and whisky by the quart, ate at the best restaurants, stayed at the finest hotels, entertained generously and dispensed extravagant presents.  He seldom settled an account unless pressed to do so, and often not even then.  All debts, he considered, were negotiable.  To women he radiated an unstinting and inexhaustible virility, with unfailing results.  Yet menace lurked beneath the charm.  There was a glint of violence in his eye.  His hugs were a demonstration of ownership as much as of affection…. He aspired to be a tycoon, with interests spanning the globe, though in reality his business empire consisted of little more than short-term fixes and one-off deals, many of them shady in character.                                                                                                                       
–Adam Sisman, John le Carre: The Biography, writing about le Carre’s father.

The latest Presidential debate followed something of a familiar pattern, with Trump dissembling about some things and claiming that others, such as his groping of women, have been “debunked,” for which he cited no evidence, nor did he have any evidence for his claims that the election was rigged because, he claimed, there were millions of people registered to vote who were not legitimate voters.  Everything Trump likes is wonderful and what he doesn’t like is “a disaster,” such as Obamacare, which he says he will replace with “something much, much better,” though he doesn’t say what that is, except it won’t be a single-payer system because that would be “much, much worse.”  Clinton plans to improve Obamacare and offer tuition-free college, college costs and debts something that Trump has not even bothered to mention.  Trump continues to act like a tinpot dictator, threatening to throw Clinton in jail and blaming her, a single Senator, for not changing the laws that allow Trump not to pay any income tax. And not only is Trump opposed to a woman’s right to choose, he actually has said that women who have abortions should be punished in some (unspecified) way.  Whatever one may think about career politician Clinton, at least she wants to bring people together and not pit them against each other.

Presidential Debate Oct. 9, 2016

The revelation of more Trump lewdness was no surprise, even if one had not seen Michael Kirk's Frontline Choice 2016, which revealed that in military school Trump's heroes were Hugh Hefner, James Bond and Clint Eastwood; this has apparently not changed since he "grew up."  And Trump's major mentor was Roy Cohn, the ultra-sleazy investigator for Joe McCarthy, who taught Trump to never settle and to always declare victory, regardless of the outcome.  Trump's supposed "locker room banter" was unlike anything I had ever heard in a locker room, aside from the fact that it did not take place in a locker room, a place Trump has probably seldom seen.

The "debate" was unfortunately rather devoid of policy discussions, though Trump did say that he would abolish Obamacare and replace it with competitive insurance across state lines, though how this would help those who can't afford health insurance is not clear.  Trump did say that single-payer healthcare would be a disaster because Canadians, who have single-payer, sometimes come to America for operations, if they can afford it!  Give him credit for at least not using the term "socialized medicine" in order to scare people, though Clinton pointed out that Medicare is single-payer and quite successful.

Trump continued to dissemble throughout the debate, telling a Muslim woman that many people had seen bombs in the house of the San Bernadino terrorists and did not report it (there is no evidence for this) and that the U.S. has the highest taxes in the world (far from it!).  Trump also showed aspirations to becoming a dictator, like he is in business, by putting Clinton in jail while he also said she had never done anything , apparently not realizing she was just a Senator with little individual power.  Meanwhile, he attacks Obama for his executive orders.  And when confronted with his own words Trumps simply denies he ever said it, whether it was about a beauty queen' s non-existent sex tape or his original support for the war in Iraq.

Clinton tried to talk about policy and inclusion but was repeatedly interrupted by Trump, who accused her of being "a liar with hate in her heart," though it was unclear as to what he was referring (perhaps her ill-timed but correct description of Trump's supporters as "deplorable").  Trump even said he did not communicate with his running mate, who claimed that Trump had changed his mind about banning Muslims from coming to the U.S., though Trump's position on this is unclear.

And education was barely mentioned at all, except for Trump's claim that African-Americans do not have good schools in their neighborhoods, though he didn't offer to do anything about it, suggesting that people should vote for him because "what have you got to lose?"  I'm sure for many of us that is not just a rhetorical question.

Tim Kaine and Mike Pence: VP Debate Oct. 4, 2016

I liked the visual format of the VP debate:  Kaine and Pence in a continuous shot and moderator Elaine Quijano was only heard, though she seemed to have little control of the debate.  Kaine's approach was to quote Trump often and when he did Pence either denied he said what he did or ignored it, particularly when Kaine mentioned rounding up immigrants and deporting them, which caused Pence to say a lot of them were criminals.  And Pence had no responses to Kaine's Trump quotes about Muslims, African-American neighborhoods, Mexicans, disbanding NATO and women being incarcerated for having abortions.  One general response Pence had was that "Trump is not a polished politician" and therefore one should not take seriously anything political he says?!

Pence's unremitting refrain was for America to beef up the military (would he reinstitute the draft?)and demonstrate "broad shoulders."  He wants to abolish Obamacare -- though neither he nor Trump have any suggested alternative for the uninsured -- and Pence has also advocated privatizing social security, a disaster we managed to avoid under Bush.  Pence also mentioned several times "the war on coal" as shorthand for recent attempts to enforce environmental regulations. When Kaine mentioned Senator Scott's speech (Scott is an African-American Senator from South Carolina) saying that he had been stopped forty-seven times by the police it was just ignored by Pence, who pointedly did not endorse Trump's advocating stop-and-frisk and irrelevantly cited Trump's endorsement by The Fraternal Order of Police.

Kaine continued to mention Trump's broken promise of providing his tax returns, while Pence praised Trump for taking all his legal deductions, though he did not suggest that showing a loss of 900 million dollars one year might suggest he is not quite the businessman he claims to be. Pence also agrees with Trump that wages are too high already, so we should not increase the minimum wage, which Clinton and Kaine support.